A PCB is an integral part of any electronic device for a small toy or complex computer. Its complex interconnected components include resistors, diodes, capacitors, etc., enabling devices to operate in series.
In a sense, PCB assembly is like the "brain" of the system. In high reliability systems, especially oil drilling, space satellites and other failures can have devastating consequences. It is vital that the PCB assembly process is flawless and common mistakes in assembly are noticed. Here are some factors to be aware of:
One of the things that needs to be sorted out in order to be able to create high-quality PCBs is the supply chain. It is important to check their availability, quality and price, and the consistent ability to source components is critical to managing a product's manufacturing cycle.
The quality of the product also needs to be determined, and counterfeit PCB assemblies can have disastrous consequences for product performance and reputation. It is also important to check the delivery time of the professional PCB assembly, especially as the required volume increases.
While it is possible to obtain initial samples directly from the manufacturer, keep in mind that as production volumes increase the budget lead time.
While several custom PCB board designs look good on paper, making them can be a different ball game. For example, if the design has a large number of parts placed close together, soldering them can be a problem.
If it's a double-sided PCB, you need to make sure to put the largest components on one side. Basically, one needs to make sure that the pcb assembly layout actually works during the manufacturing stage. For example, pressing and holding complex parts requires manual pasting, which increases assembly time and also widens the margin of error.
PCB assembly testing, also called PCBA test, refers to testing that is often performed after manufacture. What needs to be done, however, is to design the test points at the time of envisioning. In fact, a lot of testing has been done to make sure the PCB is functioning properly. Some tests include:
Microsection Analysis - Also known as cross section, this test helps identify PCB assembly defects as well as thermomechanical failures.
Solderability Test - This test helps to test the reliability of PCB pads to ensure a solid surface for reliable solder joints. It also helps determine if storage will have any effect on the solder assembly.
PCB Contamination Test - This can test for many issues such as corrosion and degradation. Frequent handling, flux residues, etc. can lead to contamination, which in turn can lead to failure of the components of the PCB assembly. Contamination analysis is known for its accuracy and precision.
Optical Microscope - This can test the PCB for issues related to soldering and overall assembly. The process is known for its speed, as it involves the use of high-powered microscopes to check for incorrect construction.
X-ray inspection - non-invasive test, this makes any surface and internal defects easy.
PCB assembly therefore requires effective root cause analysis and to ensure corrective actions are taken so that the problem does not occur again. In addition, detailed failure analysis ensures ways to improve the product while correcting failures that may not have been discovered during the design phase.
